What is SSL/TLS
SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) and TSL (Transport Layer Security) are both cryptographic protocols designed to secure communications over a computer network.
Cryptographic protocols
These certificates are also called digital certificates, which are used to establish a trust relationship between the Client and server. It establishes an encrypted link between the server and the client or website. As a result, it allows all sensitive information to be transmitted securely, such as credit card and personal information.
SSL (Secure Sockets Layer)
The first SSL Certificate was developed by Netscape in 1995 with version SSL 1.0, after that, SSL 2.0, and then just a year later, SSL 3.0 was launched.
TSL (Transport Layer Security)
TLS is the upgraded version of SSL. TLS has moved through versions 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, and 1.3. In 2008, TLS 1.2 was launched, and in 2018, the latest version, TLS 1.3, was launched, which uses the latest algorithms.
How it works
Both parties begin their communication with a TLS handshake and open a secure connection with the exchange of public keys.
Both parties generate session keys to encrypt and decrypt communication.
For a new session It always generates new keys for communication.
TLS included message authentication code (MAC) to ensure that the message has not been altered.